The romance series AFTER by writer Anna Todd was first published on the book website Wattpad, where the author published it under the pseudonym Imaginator 1D. Soon after publication, there was a huge response from readers, especially fans of fan fiction and the popular music group One Direction, which Tessa and Hardin's story is loosely inspired by. It didn't take long for the popular series, which boasts more than a billion reads online, to be published as a book. The first two books were successfully made into films, starring Hero Fiennes Tiffin and Josephine Langford.